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Home » National measures in response to the COVID-19 and its effect on the SDGs

National measures in response to the COVID-19 and its effect on the SDGs
Relationship between the measures taken at national level in Latin America and the Caribbean
to address the COVID-19 pandemic and the targets of the 2030 Agenda
Compendium of the relationship and impact of the measures taken by the countries of the region to mitigate the COVID19 with the SDG's targets
Type of relationship:   Direct positive relationship   Partial positive relationship   Indirect positive relationship   Direct negative relationship   Partial negative relationship   Indirect negative relationship   Unrelated
SDGs Targets / COVID-19 Topics
Movements
Economy
Labour
Health
Gender
Education
Social Protection
SDG 1 / Type of measures 1 2 3 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3
1.1 International poverty 
1.2 National poverty 
1.3 Social protection 
1.4 Access to basic services 
1.5 Resilience to disasters 
1.a Resources for poverty programs 
1.b Poverty eradication policies 
SDG 2 / Type of measures 1 2 3 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3
2.1 Undernourishment and food security 
2.2 Malnutrition 
2.3 Small-scale food producers 
2.4 Sustainable agriculture 
2.5 Genetic resources for agriculture 
2.a Investment in agriculture 
2.b Agricultural export subsidies 
2.c Food price anomalies 
SDG 3 / Type of measures 1 2 3 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3
3.1 Maternal mortality 
3.2 Child mortality 
3.3 Communicable diseases 
3.4 NCD & mental health 
3.5 Substance abuse 
3.6 Road traffic accidents 
3.7 Sexual & reproductive health 
3.8 Universal health coverage 
3.9 Health impact of pollution 
3.a Tobacco control 
3.b R&D for health 
3.c Health financing & workforce 
3.d Management of health risks 
SDG 4 / Type of measures 1 2 3 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3
4.1 Effective learning outcomes 
4.2 Early childhood development 
4.3 TVET & tertiary education 
4.4 Skills for employment 
4.5 Equal access to education 
4.6 Adult literacy & numeracy 
4.7 Sustainable development education 
4.a Education facilities 
4.b Scholarships 
4.c Qualified teachers 
SDG 5 / Type of measures 1 2 3 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3
5.1 Discrimination against women & girls 
5.2 Violence against women & girls 
5.3 Early marriage 
5.4 Unpaid care and domestic work 
5.5 Women in leadership 
5.6 Reproductive health access & rights 
5.a Equal economic rights 
5.b Technology for women empowerment 
5.c Gender equality policies 
SDG 6 / Type of measures 1 2 3 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3
6.1 Safe drinking water 
6.2 Access to sanitation & hygiene 
6.3 Water quality 
6.4 Water-use efficiency 
6.5 Transboundary water cooperation 
6.6 Water-related ecosystems 
6.a Int. cooperation on water & sanitation 
6.b Participatory water & sanitation mgmt. 
SDG 7 / Type of measures 1 2 3 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3
7.1 Access to energy services 
7.2 Share of renewable energy 
7.3 Energy efficiency 
7.a Int. cooperation on energy 
7.b Investing in energy infrastructure 
SDG 8 / Type of measures 1 2 3 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3
8.1 Per capita economic growth 
8.2 Economic productivity & innovation 
8.3 Formalization of SMEs 
8.4 Material resource efficiency   
8.5 Full employment & decent work 
8.6 Youth NEET 
8.7 Child & forced labour 
8.8 Labour rights & safe working env. 
8.9 Sustainable tourism 
8.10 Access to financial services 
8.a Aid for Trade 
8.b Strategy for youth employment 
SDG 9 / Type of measures 1 2 3 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3
9.1 Infrastructure development 
9.2 Sustainable/inclusive industrialization 
9.3 Small-scale industries access to finance 
9.4 Sustainable & clean industries 
9.5 Research and development 
9.a Resilient infrastructure 
9.b Domestic technology development 
9.c Access to ICT & the Internet 
SDG 10 / Type of measures 1 2 3 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3
10.1 Income growth (bottom 40%) 
10.2 Inclusion (social, economic & political) 
10.3 Eliminate discrimination 
10.4 Fiscal & social protection policies 
10.5 Regulation of financial markets 
10.6 Inclusive global governance 
10.7 Safe migration & mobility 
10.a Special & differential treatment (WTO) 
10.b Resource flows for development 
10.c Remittance costs 
SDG 11 / Type of measures 1 2 3 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3
11.1 Housing & basic services 
11.2 Public transport systems 
11.3 Sustainable urbanization 
11.4 Cultural & natural heritage 
11.5 Resilience to disasters     
11.6 Urban air quality & waste mgmt. 
11.7 Urban green & public spaces 
11.a Urban planning 
11.b Disaster risk management policies 
11.c Sustainable & resilient buildings 
SDG 12 / Type of measures 1 2 3 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3
12.1 Programmes on SCP 
12.2 Sustainable use of natural resources 
12.3 Food waste & losses 
12.4 Managing chemicals & wastes 
12.5 Reduction in waste generation 
12.6 Corporate sustainable practices 
12.7 Public procurement practices 
12.8 Sustainable development awareness 
12.a Support for R&D capacity for SD 
12.b Sustainable tourism monitoring 
12.c Fossil-fuel subsidies 
SDG 13 / Type of measures 1 2 3 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3
13.1 Resilience & adaptive capacity 
13.2 Climate change policies 
13.3 Climate change awareness 
13.a UNFCCC commitments 
13.b Climate change planning & mgmt. 
SDG 14 / Type of measures 1 2 3 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3
14.1 Marine pollution 
14.2 Marine & coastal ecosystems 
14.3 Ocean acidification 
14.4 Sustainable fishing 
14.5 Conservation of coastal areas 
14.6 Fisheries subsidies 
14.7 Marine resources for SIDS & LDCs 
14.a Research capacity & marine technology 
14.b Small-scale artisanal fishing 
14.c Implementing UNCLOS 
SDG 15 / Type of measures 1 2 3 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3
15.1 Terrestrial & freshwater ecosystems 
15.2 Sustainable forests management 
15.3 Desertification and land degradation 
15.4 Conservation of mountain ecosystems 
15.5 Loss of biodiversity 
15.6 Utilization of genetic resource 
15.7 Protected species trafficking 
15.8 Invasive alien species 
15.9 Biodiversity in national & local planning 
15.a Resources for biodiversity & ecosystems 
15.b Resources for forest management 
15.c Protected species trafficking (global) 
SDG 16 / Type of measures 1 2 3 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3
16.1 Reduction of violence & related deaths 
16.2 Human trafficking 
16.3 Justice for all 
16.4 Illicit financial & arms flows 
16.5 Corruption and bribery 
16.6 Effective institutions 
16.7 Inclusive decision-making 
16.8 Inclusive global governance 
16.9 Legal identity 
16.10 Public access to information 
16.a Capacity to prevent violence 
16.b Non-discriminatory laws 
SDG 17 / Type of measures 1 2 3 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3
17.1 Tax & other revenue collection 
17.2 ODA commitment by dev. countries 
17.3 Additional financial resources 
17.4 Debt sustainability 
17.5 Investment promotion for LDCs 
17.6 Science and tech int. cooperation 
17.7 Transfer of technologies 
17.8 Capacity building for ICT 
17.9 Capacity building for SDGs
17.10 Multilateral trading system (WTO) 
17.11 Exports of developing countries 
17.12 Duty-free market access for LDCs 
17.13 Global macroeconomic stability 
17.14 Policy coherence for SD 
17.15 Respect country’s policy space 
17.16 Global partnership for SD 
17.17 Partnerships (public, private, CSO) 
17.18 National statistics availability 
17.19 Statistical capacity 
Download Excel Table

 

Glossary
Movements across and within countries
1 Restrictions or prohibitions on the entry of foreign travelers: delimitation of the entry of non-residents/foreigners to the national territory. In the case of countries that have already opened their borders, entry restrictions by nationality and high-security protocols are considered, especially in the hospitality industry.
2 Border closure and control: restriction of mobility of people and transport at land, sea, and river borders, except for the entry and exit of basic products. Limitations or new mobility protocols between territories of the country are also considered.
3 Border controls: biosecurity protocols established for the strictly necessary mobility of people at the borders, includes temperature control, flight monitoring, and cargo transportation through data registration and military protection.
4 Restriction or closure of public places and mass gatherings: closure and ban of activities in public places such as shopping centers, parks and recreation spaces, cultural centers, among others. Likewise, mass meetings of any kind (business, social, academic, among others) are prohibited.
Economy
1 Fiscal policy
1.2  Public investment: benefits aimed at the population represented in public works, infrastructure, services, development of productive projects, incentives in the creation and development of companies, promotion of commercial activities, employment growth, protection of fundamental rights, and improvement of quality of life.
1.3 Tax credits: tax deferral for companies, changes in loan terms, returns to exports, suspension of pension contributions - direct delivery to the collaborator. 
1.4  Tax deferral: extension for payment of national taxes and payment of social security by companies.
1.5 Tax reduction: tax-exempt basic products, reduction of the tax base for companies, reduction of tariffs, especially for the import of goods associated with the health sector.
1.6 Financing: reallocation within the current budget, new spending financed with stabilization funds, new spending financed with debt, among others.
2 Monetary policy 
2.1 Interest rate: reduction of interest rates of the Central Bank and commercial banks.
2.2  Reserve requirements: reduction of reserve requirements to allocate resources to other lines of action.
2.3 Liquidity requirements: measures focused on guaranteeing cash liquidity in society, considering bond purchase programs, purchase of assets by central banks from private financial institutions, and the massive use of electronic means of payment. 
2.4 Management of international reserves: buying dollars
3 Business policies
3.1 Key sectors for tax credit: reduction or support of payroll taxes and social contributions
3.2 Subsidies: state support for both the private sector and society as a whole, aiming to alleviate their expenses and promote access to basic services, such as support for the payroll of small businesses, funds to reduce sales, subsidies for basic services, among others.
3.3 Credit: represents a relief to the liabilities of the general population such as measures for adjusting the installments for the payment of a loan and the suspension of the collection of late interest, as well as access to credits at low-interest rates.
3.4 Exchange rate policy: measures aimed at stabilizing fluctuations in the exchange rate.
3.5 SMEs support policies: state support for micro, small and medium-sized companies, legally constituted, that allows them to continue with their economic activity, includes special credits, suspension or deferral of taxes, debt relief, among others.
4 Restriction of economic activity: operating parameters of commercial establishments according to their economic activity: closure and stoppage of activities until further notice, opening under strict biosafety protocols and partial opening under strict biosafety protocols (new hours).
5 Price and quantity controls: parameters to regulate the purchase and sale of basic foods, health and medical supplies, as well as basic needs.
6 Economic stimulus: measures defined in emergency plans and fiscal plans for social spending and economic support.
7 Regulation of personal hygiene and cleaning products market: parameters to regulate the prices and quantity of purchase and sale of personal hygiene supplies and cleaning products in the market.
8 Debt relief and suspension of credit payments to both micro-businesses and individuals.
Labor
1 Labor protection: includes telecommuting, paid work leave, paid sick leave, unemployment benefits, prevention of discrimination based on COVID-19, other employment policies, including low-wage and/or informal workers, and any other employment policies.
2 Elective Work Leave: Work hours will be exceptionally reduced for the public and private sectors. The measure will be regulated by the Ministry of Labor. The employer may, at its discretion, grant collective vacations. The employer may, at its discretion, grant the use and anticipate holidays. The interruption of activities by the employer and the establishment of a special compensation plan for working hours, through the hour bank system, in favor of the employer or employee, established using a formal collective or individual agreement, is authorized. Suspension of economic activity in all cases when employees cannot work from home. However, there are no specific provisions on elective work permits for designated vital sector workers.
3 Reduction of working hours: flexibilization of work hours to work from home, reduction of work hours for jobs necessary to proceed during the pandemic. According to the thematic areas of the ILO, this average is related to the future of work, working conditions and due to the pandemic effect on safety and health.
4 Prohibition of dismissal from work: this measure seeks to protect employees from termination due to the effects of COVID-19. This includes the banning of terminations for three months, while also protecting workers to not be dismissed if they happen to be abroad and cannot return. This is something very relative to the situation of the pandemic.
Health
1 Health emergency: official declaration of a public health emergency of international importance by the State in the face of the global spread of COVID-19 (an extraordinary event that represents a significant risk to the physical and mental health of people) that requires taking timely health measures, generate contingency plans and greater freedom of decision for the leaders of the nations and its territories.
2 Mandatory coverage: medical care for all people who have been confirmed infected with COVID-19, regardless of their affiliation or not to a medical center, or their physical, cultural, religious, economic, or ideological characteristics.
3 Mandatory quarantine for foreign travelers confirmed or suspected cases: mandatory and total isolation for 14 days or more of all people from a foreign country who, upon arrival in the country of destination, present possible symptoms associated with COVID-19 or are confirmed contagious.
4 Mandatory general quarantine: mandatory isolation in the entirety of a territory that restricts public physical contact, mobility, and activities of inhabitants who are not sick from COVID-19, in order to prevent the spread of the disease, as well as minimize risks inherent in all spheres. It allows an exhaustive control of public spaces.
5 Type of policy on testing: criteria for taking the COVID-19 test to the population: universal, reduced to certain groups such as medical personnel or vulnerable population, among others.
6 Free Test Coverage Expansion: Universal, no-cost access to COVID-19 testing, regardless of whether or not you are affiliated with a medical facility or physical, cultural, religious, economic, or ideological traits.
7 Hospitals (mechanical ventilators, additional ICU beds, protection equipment, temporary hospitals, others) acquisition of medical equipment and supplies necessary to face the emergency in the short term, such as mechanical ventilators, additional beds for the Intensive Care Units, specialized medications, personal protection supplies for medical personnel, temporary hospitals, among others.
Gender
1 Gender-based violence against women: continuity of programs and services for women in domestic violence situations, declaration of essential gender-based violence services during health emergencies, contingency plans and protocols, extension of precautionary measures, strengthening of helplines, and expansion of attention and complaint channels through digital means, or new information channels through pharmacies or supermarkets, campaigns on social networks and the media for the prevention and response to situations of gender violence in the context of a health emergency, including violence by digital means, allocation of additional budget items to expand the coverage of the network of care services and shelters for women in situations of gender violence in the territories, strengthening of data to measure violence in the context of the pandemic, among others.
2 Care economy: permits for care travel in periods of mandatory isolation, measures to guarantee the rights and income of paid domestic workers and caregivers, including cash transfers, paid leave for caregivers, and measures and care services for dependent people and their carers, public information campaigns on co-responsibility for care at home, among others.
3 Employment and income generation: paid leave for women in risk groups (pregnant or lactating women) during the health emergency, employment protection measures and cash transfers for women who work informally or in economic sectors where they are overrepresented (tourism, health), protected employment for women in situations of violence, measures to support women in micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (access to financing, support for the commercialization of products, etc.), among others.
4 Benefits, transfers and other social protection measures: expansion of the coverage and amounts of cash transfers aimed at women, creation of new cash and food transfers that include women living in poverty, women in single-parent households, pregnant, lactating or with dependents in charge, a guarantee of basic services, among others.
5 Women’s participation in the digital era: measures to promote and facilitate the participation of women through digital media, training and virtual meetings on women's rights, creation of mobile applications and digital platforms to promote women's rights, among others.
Education/Schools
1 Suspension of classes: closure of educational institutions of all levels (basic, technical, technological, and university) and halting of face-to-face educational activities.
2 Provision of tools for distance learning: delivery of digital media tools (such as tablets) and learning materials for underprivileged girls, boys, and adolescents to guarantee their participation in virtual classes and/or access to online educational platforms, as well as live classes through television or radio programs.
3 Maintenance of school feeding programme: continuity of the delivery of food supplements (breakfast, snacks, lunches) for girls, boys, and adolescents who are beneficiaries of the school feeding programs, either through the direct delivery of baskets, kits, or packages to their homes or through cash payments given to parents or legal guardians.
Social protection
1 Cash transfer: state aid aimed at vulnerable populations who cannot cover all of their expenses through cash disbursements or a bank account, includes new transfers defined by the countries in the event of a contingency, increased existing transfers, expansion of cash transfers to new recipients, advance disbursement of transfers.
2 Food transfer: delivery of food baskets to vulnerable populations whose purchasing power does not allow them to meet the basic food and nutritional needs. 
3 Guarantee of basic services: measures associated with ensuring that the entire population has access to basic services such as water, electricity, telephone, cable and internet, including reconnection, suspension of payment, and subsidies.